Formulas and Attributes

This page is a numerical reference for the platform’s standard combat model. For the player-facing encounter flow, begin with Combat and Survival.

World variation

Narrative and classless worlds may not use standard combat. Builders can also change surrounding rules such as death penalties, PvP access, rewards, items, and encounters.

A number of formulas depend on a variable called L, the level factor, which increases with levels. Through level 16, it is calculated as:

L = 5.5 * 1.1 ^ level

Beginning at level 17, the values are adjusted to taper off. This reduces stratification and ensures that players can take part in higher-level content without necessarily being at the level cap.

Level	L value
16	25.3
17	27.3
18	28.9
19	30.1
20	30.7

Player damage

Physical damage

damage = weapon damage + attack power / 16

In other words, increasing your attack power by 16 deals 1 more damage with every physical attack.

Magical damage

magical damage = spell power / 10

In other words, increasing your spell power by 10 adds 1 point to a standard magical damage or healing calculation.

Two-handed bonus

Wielding a two-handed weapon normally increases attack power and spell power by 50%. A warrior using Titan’s Grip loses the attack-power bonus whenever the offhand is occupied, though the spell-power bonus remains.

Weapon damage

Damage for one-handed weapons:

1H damage = L / 2

Damage for two-handed weapons:

2H damage = 1.5 * L / 2

Enchanted weapons get another 1.2x bonus damage per attack.

Armor

Equipped non-weapon items can give armor to the wearer. The amount depends on the level factor L and a variable called S, the slot constant. The slot constant is 1.25 for head, body, and leg items, and 1 for shields, arms, hands, waist, and feet.

light armor = L * S
heavy armor = 4 * L * S

Enchanted items multiply that armor by 1.2. The final value is rounded up.

Shields

Shields reduce all damage taken through resilience by 25%. They also provide more armor than regular equipment:

regular shield armor = L * 8
heavy shield armor   = L * 12

Enchanted shield armor is also multiplied by 1.2, and the final value is rounded up.

Basic attributes

Attribute	Definition
Health	Your life points. You die when this reaches 0. Health regenerates at 1% per second while standing and 3% per second while resting.
Stamina	Your movement points. You cannot move when this reaches 0. Stamina regenerates at 1% per second while standing and 3% per second while resting.
Mana	Your magic points. Some classes consume mana when using abilities. Mana regenerates at 1% per second while standing and 3% per second while resting.
Glory	In eligible cross-core-faction PvP, defeating a character of at least level 15 makes the victim lose one-fifth of their glory, rounded up. The winner gains that amount or 50 glory, whichever is greater.

Stats

Stat	Description
Attack Power (AP)	Determines physical damage. AP / 16 = 1 damage.
Spell Power (SP)	Determines magical damage. SP / 10 = 1 spell damage.
Crit	Chance to score a critical hit, which deals 1.5x damage.
Dodge	Chance to dodge a physical blow. Magical attacks cannot be dodged.
Armor	Reduces physical damage taken.
Resilience	Reduces all damage taken.
Constitution (CON)	Increases health and resilience. 1 CON = 2 Health, 1 Resilience.
Strength (STR)	Increases attack power and health. It is the primary stat for warriors, who also gain critical chance with physical attacks. 1 STR = 1 Health, 1 Attack Power, and, for warriors, 1 Crit.
Dexterity (DEX)	Increases dodge and critical chance with physical attacks. It is the primary stat for assassins, who also gain attack power. 1 DEX = 1 Dodge, 1 Crit, and, for assassins, 1 Attack Power.
Intelligence (INT)	Increases spell damage and mana pool. It is the primary stat for any spellcaster; physical classes get no benefit from Intelligence. 1 INT = 2 Spell Power, 1 Mana.